家庭儲水完整指南

Complete Household Water Storage Guide

📅 2026年更新Updated 2026⏱ 閱讀約6分鐘6 min read

水是生存最基本需要。英國雖然水源穩定，但水管爆裂、洪水污染或嚴寒天氣都可能導致停水。本指南教你如何安全儲水、計算所需水量及應對停水情況。

Water is the most fundamental survival need. While UK water supply is generally reliable, burst pipes, flood contamination or severe weather can disrupt it. This guide covers safe water storage, calculating how much you need, and what to do when supply fails.

How much water do you need daily?

成人飲用：每人每日最少 2 升

Adult drinking: Minimum 2 litres per person per day

烹煮及基本衛生：每人額外 2 升，合共 4 升

Cooking & basic hygiene: Extra 2 litres, total 4 litres per person

兒童：每日約 2-3 升（視年齡）

Children: Approx. 2-3 litres per day depending on age

嬰兒（沖奶）：每日額外 1.5-2 升

Infants (formula): Extra 1.5-2 litres per day

中型犬：每日約 0.5-1 升

Medium dog: Approx. 0.5-1 litre per day

💧 家庭儲水量計算器

💧 Water Storage Calculator

成人人數Adults

兒童人數Children

儲備天數Days to store

寵物數量Pets

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How to store water safely

容器選擇

Choosing containers

✅ 食品級HDPE藍色儲水桶（25升）

✅ Food-grade HDPE blue water containers (25L)

最推薦。密封性好，專為儲水設計，可在B&Q或Amazon購買。

Top choice. Good seal, designed for water storage. Available at B&Q or Amazon.

~£15-25

✅ 原廠密封樽裝水

✅ Factory-sealed bottled water

最方便，保質期通常2年。超市自家品牌最划算。

Most convenient, usually 2-year shelf life. Supermarket own-brand is best value.

~£0.30/2L

⚠️ 洗淨的舊汽水瓶

⚠️ Cleaned soft drink bottles

可臨時用，但需徹底清洗。切勿用牛奶瓶（蛋白質殘留易滋菌）。

OK temporarily but must be thoroughly cleaned. Never use milk bottles — protein residue encourages bacteria.

免費

❌ 玻璃容器

❌ Glass containers

疏散時攜帶不便，容易打碎。不建議。

Heavy, fragile, impractical for evacuation. Not recommended.

不建議

💡

自來水儲存有效期How long does tap water last?

英國自來水（氯化處理）存放於乾淨密封容器，一般建議可保存約6個月。建議每6個月輪換一次，舊水用於澆花或沖廁，換入新鮮自來水。具體保存期視乎容器清潔程度及儲存環境。

UK tap water (chlorinated), stored in a clean sealed container, is generally considered safe for around 6 months. Rotate every 6 months — use old water for plants or flushing, refill with fresh tap water. Actual shelf life may vary depending on container cleanliness and storage conditions.

⚠️

儲存環境要求Storage environment

存放於陰涼、避光、遠離化學品的地方。陽光及高溫會加速細菌生長。切勿與洗潔精、漂白水等放在同一格位。

Store in a cool, dark place away from chemicals. Sunlight and heat accelerate bacterial growth. Never store next to cleaning products or bleach.

What to do when supply fails

📞

立即聯絡供水商Contact your water supplier immediately

每間英國供水商都有24小時緊急熱線，號碼在水費帳單或其官網。水務公司一般會按其政策及資源安排，在長時間停水時提供樽裝水或其他支援，特別是對已登記的優先客戶。訊息以編寫時為準，服務安排可能會變。

Every UK water supplier has a 24-hour emergency line, found on your bill or their website. Water suppliers may provide bottled water or alternative support during extended outages, especially for registered priority customers, in line with their duties and local arrangements. Service availability was correct at time of writing but may change.

收到停水通知後立即行動：填滿浴缸、所有鍋具及可用容器

Act immediately when notified: Fill the bathtub, all pots and available containers

飲用水優先用儲備樽裝水；浴缸水用於沖廁

Use stored bottled water for drinking; use bathtub water for flushing

用濕紙巾或酒精搓手液代替洗手

Use wet wipes or hand sanitiser instead of handwashing

避免沖涼浪費水，可用水桶沖身

Avoid showers; use a bucket for washing if needed

Emergency water purification

如儲備用盡，可用以下方法處理天然水源（如雨水、河水）再飲用：

If your stored supply runs out, the following methods can make natural water sources (rainwater, river water) safer to drink:

🔥 煮沸法（最可靠）

🔥 Boiling (most reliable)

水燒開後保持劇烈冒泡至少 1 分鐘。可殺滅絕大多數細菌、病毒及寄生蟲。

Bring to a rolling boil for at least 1 minute. Kills most bacteria, viruses and parasites.

🧴 漂白水消毒

🧴 Household bleach

每 1 公升清水加入 2 滴無香精家用漂白水（濃度約5–9%），攪拌後靜置 30 分鐘，若聞到輕微氯味即可飲用。

Add 2 drops of unscented household bleach (5–9% concentration) per litre of clear water. Stir and leave 30 minutes — a faint chlorine smell indicates it's safe.

💊 淨水藥片

💊 Water purification tablets

市售二氧化氯藥片，按說明操作，輕巧方便，適合放入走佬袋。

Chlorine dioxide tablets available from outdoor/camping shops. Lightweight and easy to pack in a grab bag. Follow instructions on the packet.

🌧️ 雨水收集

🌧️ Rainwater collection

讓雨先下 15 分鐘沖走空氣及屋頂灰塵後再接，仍建議煮沸或過濾後飲用。

Let rain fall for 15 minutes first to wash away airborne dust and roof debris. Still boil or filter before drinking.

ℹ️

資訊免責聲明 Information Notice

本頁只提供一般英國家庭應急資訊，不可取代醫護人員、政府部門、法律顧問或其他專業人士的意見。具體行動要視乎個人及家庭情況，並以最新官方指引為準。緊急電話、服務安排、價格、政策及資格可能隨時更改；如有疑問，請查閱官方網站或直接向相關機構查詢。

This page provides general emergency information for UK households only. It is not a substitute for medical, government, legal or other professional advice. Actions should follow the latest official guidance and be adapted to your household's situation. Numbers, services, prices, policies and eligibility can change; when in doubt, check official sources or contact the provider directly.

參考資料

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025, June 27). How to Create an Emergency Water Supply. 擷取自 https://www.cdc.gov

Emergency Food Storage UK. (2026). Emergency Water and Emergency Water Storage Filter Systems and Bottles. 擷取自 https://www.emergencyfoodstorage.co.uk

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025, November 24). Keep Food Safe After a Disaster or Emergency. 擷取自 https://www.cdc.gov

World Health Organization. (2020). Water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management for COVID-19. WHO.

Drinking Water Inspectorate. (2024). Drinking water quality in England. GOV.UK. 擷取自 https://www.dwi.gov.uk

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025, June 27). How to Create an Emergency Water Supply. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov

Emergency Food Storage UK. (2026). Emergency Water and Emergency Water Storage Filter Systems and Bottles. Retrieved from https://www.emergencyfoodstorage.co.uk

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025). Keep Food Safe After a Disaster or Emergency. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov

World Health Organization. (2020). Water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management for COVID-19. WHO.

Drinking Water Inspectorate. (2024). Drinking water quality in England. GOV.UK. Retrieved from https://www.dwi.gov.uk

Complete Household Water Storage Guide

每日需要多少水？

How much water do you need daily?

💧 家庭儲水量計算器

💧 Water Storage Calculator

如何安全儲水？

How to store water safely

容器選擇

Choosing containers

停水時怎麼辦？

What to do when supply fails

緊急淨水方法

Emergency water purification

參考資料

References

家庭儲水完整指南

Complete Household Water Storage Guide

每日需要多少水？

How much water do you need daily?

💧 家庭儲水量計算器

💧 Water Storage Calculator

如何安全儲水？

How to store water safely

容器選擇

Choosing containers

停水時怎麼辦？

What to do when supply fails

緊急淨水方法

Emergency water purification

參考資料

References

延伸閱讀

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英國緊急電話

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